1. The United States remains the pre-eminent power but has become a net underachiever in 2019

2. The biggest challenger to China’s rise is not the United States but itself

3. Japan has become the leader of the liberal order in Asia, while India will not be the next China

4. North Korea’s high-stakes power game pays off in 2019 but is far from complete

5. Malaysia, Vietnam and New Zealand are the most improved middle powers after North Korea. Australia’s power is flat while Taiwan’s is down